Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is usually the result of bleeding from an aneurysm in the Circle of Willis, most often from a berry aneurysm. They are called berry aneurysms because of their shape. The subarachnoid space is the area between the arachnoid membrane and the pia mater around the brain, and is filled with cerebral spinal fluid. When an aneurysm is ruptured, the subarachnoid space is invaded with bleeding, which might end up increasing intracranial pressure. It is a vital risk to indicate the symptoms of nausea and severe projectile vomiting. The common risk factors include hypertension, smoking, and excessive alcohol intake. Also, genetic factors play a crucial role and account for around 10%. However, most patients with any type of aneurysm are sporadic rather than familial.
One of the general symptoms of subarachnoid hemorrhage is the thunderclap headache (a headache described as the worst ever, developing severity. Unlike the cerebral infarction and cerebral hemorrhage, some vital symptoms of the rupture of aneurysm is usually underestimated. It leads the irreversible aftereffects such as Oculomotor nerve abnormalities, palsy, or seizures.
The professor Yoo, Chan-Jong from Gachon University, Gil Medical Center strongly recommends the detailed examination including angiography, electrocardiography, and MRA, if they have a family member died from cardiovascular diseases or a family medical history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia. Surgery may be carried out in order to remove large litters of blood or decrease pressure the intracranial pressure if the hemorrhage is caused by an injury.
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